Urgent action needed to reverse worrying trend in prison deaths, says IAPDC

The latest data on the number and rate of self-inflicted deaths in prison custody remain persistently high and deeply troubling. In the 12 months to September 2023, the number of self-inflicted deaths increased by almost a quarter from 74 to 92 deaths. Of equal concern is the sharp increase in self-harm incidents, with a 65 percent increase in the women’s estate.  

A safe and decent prison estate is necessary to ensuring a well-functioning and rehabilitative criminal justice system. Meaningful activities, access to timely and appropriate mental health support, and the ability to maintain family ties are key to preventing the tragic loss of life. We know that the initial period following reception into custody carries a heightened risk of suicide and self-harm, making comprehensive and timely screenings all the more important to help identify vulnerabilities and health needs.

However, the ongoing pressures of a ballooning prison population, a dilapidated and overcrowded estate, and chronic workforce challenges are making it increasingly difficult to ensure that these safeguards are delivered effectively for the safety of both staff and prisoners.  

Prison officers and healthcare staff are struggling to meet even the most basic needs of the prisoners under their care as the system grapples with ever-growing demand. We cannot allow the tragic and avoidable loss of life to continue to deteriorate. Concerted and urgent action from Ministers is needed to ensure safety and decency in our prisons and reverse this alarming trend in prison deaths. Addressing current challenges, and in particular the overcrowding crisis, must now be the priority. Further increases to the prison population will only contribute to more preventable deaths.

Earlier this year, we published a report which sets out practical recommendations to prevent suicide in places of detention. Ministers and operational leaders must ensure these recommendations – which were informed by experts and people with lived experience including current prisoners – are at the forefront of suicide prevention plans.

You can read the latest Safety in Custody statistics here.